Proximate, Phytochemicals, and Mineral Analysis of Cola acuminata Aqueous Leaf Extract
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Abstract
Medicinal plants have been the focus of recent natural product research due to their safety and availability. Cola acuminata (CA) has been used in managing anemia, diarrhoea, cough, and dysentery. In this study, phytochemical composition, nutritional content, and In vitro antioxidant capacity of aqueous extract of CA leaves were ascertained. Fresh leaves of CA obtained from a farm in Benin City, Edo State, were air-dried and ground into powder. Exactly 500g of the powdered leaves was weighed and macerated in distilled water for 72 hours in an air-tight container with continuous stirring. This was filtered and concentrated with a rotary evaporator at 30ºC. Proximate analysis, phytochemical screening, and mineral analysis were carried out in accordance with standard methods. Results revealed nutritional content as crude fibre (31.7%), carbohydrate (31.24%), crude protein (4.7%), crude lipid (5.9%), moisture (16.22%), and ash (10.24%), phytochemical content includes cardiac glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, tannins and reducing sugars. Mineral analysis indicates high concentrations of magnesium (22.34 ± 0.34mg/100g) potassium (33.47 ± 1.34mg/100g), phosphorous (60.6 8± 1.26mg/100g) and Sodium (26.66 ± 0.51mg/100g) and low concentrations of calcium (8.63± 0.11mg/100g), zinc (1.63 ± 0.02mg/100g) and iron (4.50 ± 0.03mg/100g). The results show that CA leaves are a viable reservoir of natural products that are beneficial for the maintenance of health and drug design.
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