Current Assessment of the Antimicrobial Activities of Carica Papaya extracts on selected Bacterial Pathogens isolated from Urogenital Specimens in Calabar, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26538/tjpps/v3i4.3Keywords:
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Carica Papaya, Antimicrobial activityAbstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) have posed numerous challenges to human health and account for a significant part of the workload in clinical microbiology laboratories. One global challenge with UTIs is the increasing resistance rate to available antimicrobials. This study assessed the antimicrobial activity of Carica papaya stem, root, and leaf on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolates from genitourinary tract specimens. Clinical isolates of S. aureus and E. coli were obtained and confirmed microbiologically. Plant extracts were prepared and diluted into 500mg/ml,250mg/ml,125mg/ml, and 62.5mg/ml concentrations, respectively. The agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity. This study observed promising activities with papaya roots and stems. The ethanol extract of the stem showed maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at 500mg/ml with mean diameter of 17.6±1.0mm and 14.1±1.4mm, while the lowest activity was reported with the 62.5mg/ml concentration. The aqueous extract also showed the highest activity with increasing concentration. Both ethanol and aqueous root extracts showed the highest activity at 500mg/ml concentration against S aureus and E coli isolates, with 30.5±0.6mm and 21.5±1.4mm mean diameters for ethanol and 23.2±1.6mm and 8.40±1.58mm for aqueous extracts, respectively. However, the activity of both ethanol and aqueous extract of papaya leaf were lower than the activities of papaya root and stem, respectively. The findings in this study show that extracts of pawpaw stem, root, and leaf have different levels of antibacterial activity against the urinary tract pathogens tested with increasing concentrations.
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