Polyphenol Profile and Antioxidant Properties of Various Solvent Fractions of <I>Phyllanthus amarus</I>
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26538/tjpps/v3i3.6Keywords:
solvent, Polyphenol, Phyllanthus amarus, Methanol, Diethyl ether, AntioxidantAbstract
The prevention of various diseases and the promotion of health are the major functions of natural antioxidants. In the current study, the polyphenols, phytochemicals and antioxidants contents of various fractions of P. amarus obtained through fractionation were examined. Liquid-liquid partition separation was used in separating the P. amarus crude extract into various fractions (methanol, diethyl ether, n-hexane, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions). The amount of polyphenols were assessed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Phytochemicals and antioxidants assay were performed with standard methods. The phytochemical screening of P. amarus crude extract and different fractions revealed the presence of saponins (4.00 ± 0.50 mg/dL), tannins (7.50± 1.20 mg/dL), alkaloids (6.40 ± 0.05 mg/dL), steroids (1.55 ± 0.15 mg/dL), and flavonoids (6.00 ± 1.02 mg/dL). There was a significant improvement in the DPPH scavenging activity, flavonoids, total phenol, FRAP, ABTS, TAC, and ascorbate oxidase when comparing the crude extract to various fractions. Nine polyphenols such as o-salicyclic acid, caffeic acid, p-anisic acid, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid and sinapinic acid were targeted in crude extract and different fractions. The total polyphenol content of crude extract and various fractions were as follows; crude extract > methanol fraction > diethyl ether fraction > n-hexane fraction > n-butanol fraction > aqueous fraction. Overall, diethyl ether and methanol were found to be the best solvents for the extraction of antioxidant compounds from P. amarus leaves.
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