Comparative Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Dracaena arborea L. (Asparagaceae) Root, Stem and Leaf Extracts on Clinical Isolates

http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjpps/v2i3.4

Authors

  • Mfonobong F. Alozie Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
  • Nsehe A. Etuk Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
  • Olajide J. Akinjogunla Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
  • Paul S. Thomas Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
  • Nsima A. Andy Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
  • Uwemedimo F. Umoh Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

Keywords:

Antimicrobial, Isolates, Dracaena arborea, Extracts, Minimum Inhibitory, Concentration, Minimum Fungicidal Concentration, Minimum, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration

Abstract

The need for efficient antimicrobials has arisen due to the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance as well as the advent of new  strains of diseasecausing agents. The antimicrobial activities of ethanol extracts of Dracaena arborea L. (Asparagaceae) were  investigated against some clinical isolates using the agar disc diffusion technique. The phytochemical analysis of D. arborea revealed  the presence of tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The highest mean inhibition zone (IZ) of 30.5 ± 2.5 mm  and the lowest mean IZ of 10.0 ± 0.0 mm were obtained when ethanol extracts of D. arborea were tested against the isolates. The  mean IZ of Metronidazole against E. faecalis was 17.0 ± 0.0 mm and S. fonticola was 16.0 ± 1.41 mm. The Cephalexin was effective  against the isolates, with the highest mean IZ against K. pneumoniae (27.5 ± 3.54 mm), S. fonticola (15.0 ± 1.41 mm), and E. faecalis  (12.0 ± 0.0 mm). Fluconazole was effective against C. albicans and T. tonsurans, with a mean IZ of ≤ 20.8 ± 0.7 mm. The MIC and MBC  values of ethanol extracts of D. arborea on the isolates ranged between 50 mg/mL and 200 mg/mL, respectively, with an MBC/MIC or  MFC/MIC of ≤ 4. The R2 values of ethanol extracts of D. arborea and diameters of IZs as exhibited by the isolates ranged from 0.6425 to 0.9672. The study has confirmed the efficacy of extracts of D. arborea against clinical isolates and, therefore, suggests their consideration in developing synthetic drugs.

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Published

2023-09-07

How to Cite

Alozie, M. F., Etuk, N. A., Akinjogunla, O. J., Thomas, P. S., Andy, N. A., & Umoh, U. F. (2023). Comparative Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Dracaena arborea L. (Asparagaceae) Root, Stem and Leaf Extracts on Clinical Isolates: http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjpps/v2i3.4. Tropical Journal of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2(3), 86–91. Retrieved from https://tjpps.org/index.php/home/article/view/24