Antiinflammatory Appraisal of Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae) Leaf Extract in Rodent’s model
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Abstract
The ongoing search for safe antiinflammatory agents is crucial, considering the role of proinflammatory factors in diseases such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. The flora of Nigeria is abundant in medicinal plants used in traditional folk medicine for various inflammatory disorders. Therefore, we evaluates the antiinflammatory activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Bidens pilosa (ALEBP). The antiinflammatory activity was evaluated using egg albumin, agar-induced paw edema models for acute inflammation, complete Freud Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis and cotton pellets granuloma models for chronic inflammation in rats. In each of the experimental models, animals in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 received doses of the extract at 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg, along with Indomethacin at a dose of 5 mg/kg. Group 1 was administered 10 ml/kg of normal saline. All treatments were given one hour before the induction of inflammation. ALEBP produced significant (P<0.05) and dose-dependent (40-160 mg/kg) reduction of paw edema volume in rats. In chronic inflammation (CFA-induced arthritis), the extract significantly (p< 0.05) inhibited edematous response in a dose-related manner, provoking an inhibitory effect (59.1%, maximum inhibition) at 160 mg/kg on day 21. ALEBP also significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently reduces the granuloma weight in a chronic model of granuloma pouch in rats. The findings of the present study indicate that ALEBP possesses antiinflammatory activity, lending pharmacological credence to the suggested use of the plant as a natural remedy in the management of inflammatory conditions in some rural communities of Nigeria.
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